Cyber attacks on corporations and governments are no longer unusual. Suspects and their computers are hauled away on a regular basis.
針對公司行號或政府機關的網路攻擊越來越稀鬆平常。基於常理，執法者可以要求嫌疑人繳交所用的電腦設備等。

        That's why Admiral James Stavridis sees cyber security as the top challenge for his successor. he said, "Our society is so dependent on all these cyber capabilities, and yet our level of preparation is very low, particularly as an alliance.”
這也同時成為5月12日卸任的北約軍事指揮官 Stavridis 對繼任者喊話的首要任務，“我們的生活圈是多麼倚賴這些網群，然而預防的機制－尤其身為一個同盟大國－卻如此不堪一擊。”

        It’s also relatively easy. Anyone with decent computer skills can do it.

        NATO does have a command center for cyber defense and a cyber research center in Estonia. But Admiral Stavridis said, even within the alliance, international cooperation on cyber defense is limited.
例如，北大西洋公約組織﹙簡稱NATO﹚在愛沙尼亞創建一座網路防禦和研究的指揮所，但據Stavdiris 所言，即使傾注同盟國所有成員，網路的安全性仍然漏洞百出。

        “This is, of course, an area in which nations are extremely sensitive and are very concerned about showing what they know to each other," he said. "But we’ve got to get over that because the threat is very high and very real.”

        Cyber attacks can range from nuisance attacks to strikes at computers that control banks or air traffic. There have been thefts of government intelligence and corporate secrets. And cyber attacks can have physical consequences, like disabling power plants. Last week, U.S. officials said a cyber attack helped a gang steal $45 million from cash machines around the world.
網路攻擊項目從失控找碴到惡意侵入銀行或飛安控管的主機，進而有公部門情報或法人個資外流事件頻傳，甚至可以使飛機失去動力造成人身安全。上禮拜，美國官員宣稱一幫盜賊利用網路攻擊世界各地的提款機得手4千5百萬美元。

        At London’s City University, Professor Kevin Jones heads the department of computer sciences. He said the Internet makes it possible for anyone to be a terrorist.

        “That’s sort of terrorism at a much more approachable level than individuals carrying explosive devices because people are doing it from the security of their own bedrooms,” he said.
“這是一種比起隨身攜帶炸彈更便利的恐怖主義，因為人們在屋簷的保護下達到目的。”Professor Jones 說。

        Many countries are developing offensive cyber weapons, and some, including China, Israel and the United States have been accused of using them.

        “I think it’s too soon to bring that into the alliance," the admiral said. "But that’s an area that I think individual nations are going to be looking at. And, over time, what’s needed here is the intellectual capital that evolves a theory of deterrence in the world of cyber.”
Stavridis 說“我想，現在還不是北約發展網攻武器的時候。但卻是各個國家的未來走向。假以時日，世界需要的是能設計出一套網路世界防禦系統的智力人才。”

        Deterrence could be achieved through threats of cyber or conventional attacks. Professor Jones thinks it just might work.

        “You could imagine setting up a situation where it’s deemed far too risky to make an attack on country X’s stock exchange because you know the consequences are your systems will then be attacked and closed down in a certain way,” he said.
Professor Jones 說 “想像一下，當你知道攻擊某國家的股票交易市場時，你的電腦會被反向攻擊和強制關機的情況，這筆行動風險似乎太高。”

        But an individual with a grievance might not care whether his or her country suffers a counterattack, adding another dangerous dimension to the issue Admiral Stavridis already has at the top of his list.
但是，Stavridis 在進入議題前提過，一個滿腹委屈的人應該不會在乎自己的國家承受如何的反擊，這又是另一個‘險’而未決的因素了。